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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS

IMPORTANT TERMS:

       Agamospermy: Formation of seeds without the fusion of gametes.

·         Allogamy or xenogamy: Commonly refers to cross pollination .But actually it includes both geitonogamy and xenogamy.

·         Andromonoecious: A plant having male and intersexual flowers.eg. some lilies.

·         Apomiet: The plant which reproduce by apomixis.

·         Apomixis: A type of reproduction in which new individuals are formed without the fusion of gametes.

·         Autogamy: Self-pollination in the same flower.

·         Bagging: Covering of emasculated/ pollinated flower with a bag made of butter paper.

·         Callus: An unorganised , undifferentiated mass of cells.

·         Emasculation: Removal of anthers before maturation from a bisexual flower to make it female parent.

·         Floriculture: Cultivation of flower yielding and other ornamental plants for commercial purpose.

·         Geitonogamy: Self-pollination between different flowers borne on the same plant.

·         Gynomonoecious: A plant having female and intersexual flowers. Eg. Sunflower.

·         Palynology: Study of pollen grains.

·         Parthenogenesis: Development of new individual/ embryo from unfertilized gamete (egg).

·         Parthenocarpy: Development of fruit from an unfertilized flower.

·         Polyembryony: Development of more than one embryo in a seed.

·         Polygamous: A plant having male, female and intersexual flowers. Eg. Mango.

·         Trioecious: A species with three types of individuals, male, female and monoecious.

                                              ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:

·         Anthology: Study of flowers.

·         Largest Flower: Rafflesia (1 m diameter).

·         Smallest Flower: Wolffia.

·         National Flower of India: Lotus.

·         Most Common type of Ovule: Anatropous (92%).

·         Most Common Embryo sac: Polygonum type. First studied by Strasburger.

·         Smallest Pollen: Myosotis (2.5-3.5µm).

·         Largest Pollen: Mirabilus (250µm diameter) but the longest is that of Zostera (250µm).

·         Xenia and Metaxenia: The effect of pollen on endosperm is called xenia, and the effect of pollen on other tissue is referred as metaxenia.

·         Pomology: The science and practice of fruit culture.

Mr. A. KINGSLIN M.Sc, BEd, Phd,(doing)

Post Graduate Teacher in Botany

St. Mary Goretty Hr. Sec School, Manalikarai 

Kanyakumari district